Madras: The Indian Institute of Technology Madras has recently developed a system of solar air-conditioning, using the “absorption principle,” suitable for the hot and humid climate of the coastal region of India. It is now engaged in perfecting the various parts to make the equipment suitable for mass production.
Developed by Dr. M.C. Gupta and his associates at the institute with financial support from the Central Department of Science and Technology, the system contemplates dehumidifying room air by using an absorbent chemical solution. Moisture is removed by the drying agent which is then regenerated by solar heating. The room air is dehumidified in a spray tower where regenerated chemical solution is used. This dehumidified air is further cooled by an evaporative cooler and thus the conditioned air is now ready to go back into the room.
The heart of the system is the regenerator which regenerates the chemical solution used for dehumidifying the air. It uses sun’s energy directly and so no blowers or other mechanical contrivances are necessary, except a small pump to circulate the solution. The collector-cum-regenerator, developed at the institute, is claimed to be more efficient than its counterparts developed in other countries.
The unit can be operated with much lower irradiation thus permitting operation in the mornings and evenings. Sufficient regenerated absorbent solution can be stored to work the equipment during extended cloudy weather and nights. It is of simple construction and is made of galvanised iron sheets, glass sheets, and wooden planks and the air flows through the collector by natural wind forces. The collector-cum-regenerator may be fitted directly on top of the sloping roof of a building. This integration with the building will bring down the cost of the collector further.
Published – June 09, 2025 02:03 am IST
