Protecting the Diversity of Global Reef Fish

Rapid Summary

• The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) Volume 122, Issue 25, June 2025 highlights the importance of ecosystems in supporting human societies.
• ecosystems contribute critical services such as food provisioning and coastal protection.
• Additionally, ecosystems provide cultural services which are integral to human well-being and economic livelihoods.

Indian Opinion Analysis
India, wiht its diverse ecosystems ranging from the Himalayas to coastal mangroves, relies heavily on both tangible ecosystem services like agriculture and fisheries and intangible cultural services like heritage conservation and religious connections to nature. The report underscores the need for India to prioritize environmental sustainability as part of its policymaking. Balancing rapid advancement with ecosystem preservation will be key not only for sustaining livelihoods but also for enhancing overall societal well-being, particularly considering India’s heavy dependence on natural resources across multiple economic sectors.

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