Sjögren’s disease can affect lungs, kidneys and nerves, say doctors

Sjögren's disease, an autoimmune condition widely recognised for causing dry eyes and dry mouth, can also involve the lungs, kidneys and nerves, according to specialists. Dr Arun Baby, Senior Consultant in Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology at Apollo Adlux Hospital, explained that the immune system mistakenly attacks moisture-producing glands. Beyond dryness, patients may experience fatigue, joint pain, muscle ache, swollen salivary glands and difficulty concentrating.

Dr Sreedevi S, Consultant in Rheumatology at Kims Health, noted that the disease is more common in women and often appears in middle age. It can affect the airways, leading to a dry cough or interstitial lung disease. Kidney involvement may cause acid accumulation in the blood, while neurological complications such as numbness and muscle weakness can occur, though they are uncommon.

There is no single diagnostic test; evaluation includes eye tests, blood tests for antibodies, and sometimes a lip biopsy. Treatment depends on symptoms and organ involvement. Doctors stress that Sjögren's is not merely dryness but a systemic autoimmune disease requiring regular dental and eye care, hydration, medication, and specialist monitoring.