Delhi-NCR air pollution may be linked to gynaecological cancers, say experts

Long-term exposure to air pollution, particularly PM2.5, may contribute to gynaecological cancers in women in Delhi-NCR, experts said on 9 and 10 October, citing emerging research. Dr Rama Joshi of Fortis Gurugram said studies have found associations between pollution exposure and aspects of reproductive health, including higher odds of delayed menarche and early menopause among Indian women. Dr Aditya Sarin of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital said chronic PM2.5 exposure can promote inflammation and oxidative stress, mechanisms relevant to cancer development.

The experts stressed that pollution is not a standalone cause of gynaecological cancer. Established risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, family history and genetic mutations remain important. Researchers called for larger, long-term Indian studies to determine whether air pollution is a significant contributing factor. The issue is particularly relevant in Delhi-NCR, where women face elevated PM2.5 concentrations over many years.